TWO AMERICANS SHARE 2012
NOBEL PRIZE FOR
ECONOMICS
സാന്പത്തിക ശാസ്ത്രത്തിനുള്ള ഈ
വർഷത്തെ
നോബൽ സമ്മാനം അമേരിക്കക്കാരായ ആൽവിൻ റോത്തും ലോയ്ഡ്
ഷാപ്ലിയും പങ്കിട്ടു. സ്ഥിരമായ നീക്കിയിരിപ്പിലൂടെ മാർക്കറ്റിനെ എങ്ങനെ
രൂപപ്പെടുത്തി എടുക്കാമെന്നത് സംബന്ധിച്ച് പഠനത്തിനാണ് അവാർഡ്. ഹാർവാർഡ് യൂണിവേഴ്സിറ്റിയിലെ പ്രൊഫസറാണ് ആൽവൻ
റോത്ത്. ലോസാഞ്ജലസിലെ യൂണിവേഴ്സിറ്റി ഒഫ് കാലിഫോർണിയയിലെ പ്രൊഫസറാണ് ഷാപ്ലി.
വിരമിച്ചെങ്കിലും ഇപ്പോഴും പ്രൊഫസറായി തുടരുകയാണ്.
American economists Alvin E
Roth and Lloyd S Shapley on Monday shared the 2012 Nobel Prize for Economics,
which they won "for the theory of stable allocations and the practice of
market design".
The award was announced by Staffan Normark, the permanent secretary of the
Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in Stockholm. "This year's prize is
awarded for an outstanding example of economic engineering," Xinhua quoted
the academy as saying in a statement. The two researchers worked
independently, but their empirical investigations, experiments and practical
design have generated a flourishing field of research and improved the
performance of many markets, the academy said. Roth and Shapley tackled a
central economic problem -- how to match different agents as well as possible. "The prize rewards the
two scholars who have answered these questions on a journey from abstract
theory on stable allocations to practical design of market institutions,"
the academy said. It was Roth who recognised that Shapley's
theoretical results could clarify the functioning of important markets in
practice.
Through a series of empirical studies, Roth and his colleagues showed that stability is the key to understanding the success of particular market institutions. Roth also substantiated the conclusion in systematic laboratory experiments. Later, he also helped redesign existing institutions for matching new doctors with hospitals, students with schools and organ donors with patients. "These reforms are all based on the Gale-Shapley algorithm, along with modifications that take into account specific circumstances and ethical restrictions, such as the preclusion of side payments," the Nobel Committee said in the statement. Born in 1951 in the US, Roth got his PhD in 1974 from Stanford University and is George Gund Professor of Economics and Business Administration at Harvard University and Harvard Business School.Shapley was born in 1923 and got his PhD in 1953 from Princeton University. He is Professor Emeritus at University of California. The two laureates will equally share the eight million Swedish kronor (about USD 1 million) prize. The economics award, established in 1968, is officially called The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel. It was not part of the original crop of Nobel Prizes set out in Alfred Nobel's 1895 will. Sixty-nine laureates have been awarded the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel between 1901 and 2011. All the Nobel prizes will be presented on December 10, the day Alfred Nobel died.
Through a series of empirical studies, Roth and his colleagues showed that stability is the key to understanding the success of particular market institutions. Roth also substantiated the conclusion in systematic laboratory experiments. Later, he also helped redesign existing institutions for matching new doctors with hospitals, students with schools and organ donors with patients. "These reforms are all based on the Gale-Shapley algorithm, along with modifications that take into account specific circumstances and ethical restrictions, such as the preclusion of side payments," the Nobel Committee said in the statement. Born in 1951 in the US, Roth got his PhD in 1974 from Stanford University and is George Gund Professor of Economics and Business Administration at Harvard University and Harvard Business School.Shapley was born in 1923 and got his PhD in 1953 from Princeton University. He is Professor Emeritus at University of California. The two laureates will equally share the eight million Swedish kronor (about USD 1 million) prize. The economics award, established in 1968, is officially called The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel. It was not part of the original crop of Nobel Prizes set out in Alfred Nobel's 1895 will. Sixty-nine laureates have been awarded the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel between 1901 and 2011. All the Nobel prizes will be presented on December 10, the day Alfred Nobel died.
No comments:
Post a Comment